Lecturas: Educación Física y Deportes

Small-Sided Games in Sports Teaching for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder

2025-06-01T02:18:31+00:00

This study aimed to verify and systematize the literature about the use of Small-Sided Games in the teaching of sports for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder through a literature review. Searches were conducted on the digital databases Scielo, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science in December 2023. 91 articles were found and 6 were included, covering basketball and football training programs. The results demonstrated that Small-Sided Games are an effective strategy to promote the individual participation in sports, with improvements in physical fitness, mobility, social communication, executive function control, and reduction of characteristic symptoms. Further studies are needed regarding the sports in Physical Education classes.

Effect of Physical Activity on Cognitive Functions in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2025-06-01T02:21:44+00:00

Children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often experience difficulties in the development of executive functions, which may persist into adulthood. The purpose of this study is to analyze and synthesize scientific literature on the effect of physical activity on children and adolescents with ADHD. A systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines, searching PubMed and Scopus from 2015 to 2024 without gender or language restrictions. A total of 231 studies were identified, of which 18 met the selection criteria. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. Results showed that 55.5% of studies were conducted in Europe, and the highest % of publications occurred in 2022 at 33.3%. Evidence supported aerobic physical activity, specific sports, and physical activity mediated by apps and electronic devices. Studies indicated that an average of 15 to 20 minutes of daily intervention over 12 weeks could improve working memory, visuospatial memory, self-regulation, planning, and anticipation. In conclusion, physical activity contributes to the development and maintenance of executive functions.

Deposit Limits in iGaming: A Key Strategy in Spain

2025-06-01T02:07:49+00:00

Spain will revolutionize iGaming regulation in 2025, replacing the current per-operator deposit limits with a centralized joint deposit limit system. This change, managed by the Directorate General for Gambling Observation (DGOJ) through the "Player Portal" and the Joint Deposit Limit System (SLCD), seeks to eliminate restriction circumvention, as 56% of multi-operator players who exceed limits are big losers. Limit reductions will be instantaneous, and increases will require a seven-day wait. License guarantees will be increased to €2.4 million, and AI will be used to detect problem gambling. Spain aims to lead player protection in Europe.

Specific Periodization for the Volleyball: Calculation of the Load before of the Ball Session

2025-06-01T02:24:26+00:00

Training load was structured empirically until the 1940s, but in the 1950s the load was structured scientifically with super-compensation to understand chronic adaptation and based on the athlete's biological adaptation. Studies on load continued to evolve from the 1970s to 2000 with the creation of other periodizations. From 2011 to 2022, 14 articles were written on specific periodization for the volleyball, the training load with the ball was developed with the new content of subjective intensity through the effort of the skill by heart rate and the level of injury of each skill. The objective of the article was to present a way to calculate the load of the ball training before of the session of the specific periodization for the volleyball. Scientific articles were identified in eleven electronic databases during August to October 2024. In the results, the graph of the subjective intensity of ball training was assigned values from 1 to 10 to improve the use of this content. The subjective intensity of each type of training, session, and micro-cycle was calculated through of the average before of the training occurred. The volume of ball training was established by the duration of the session, using a rule of three to determine the volume classification (low, medium, and high). In conclusion, calculating the training load before of the ball training is important for the coach to structure the micro-cycle sessions.

Influence of the Analytical Method of Kung Fu Training on the Psychomotor Profile

2025-06-02T01:04:55+00:00

The purpose of the research was to analyze the relationship of the kung fu training method with the contents of psychomotor development in children from the Shaolin Sports Club in the city of El Alto, Bolivia. 4 children between 6 and 10 years old participated. Interviews were conducted with coaches and parents about the training method. Observation was used, useful in psychomotor practice to evaluate indicators of the psychomotor parameter, type of thinking and play, the Psychomotor Test of Picq and Vayer modified with contents involved in kung fu (eye-hand coordination, general dynamic coordination) was also used, laterality and postural control). To determine the basic motor skills, the Mc Clenaghan and Gallahue test was used; it evaluates the stage of basic manipulative and locomotor skills. Results, it was identified that three children still do not have a defined laterality. Likewise, one child is in an initial stage in the patterns of kicking and throwing, four children present patterns in the elementary stage of walking, running, jumping and grabbing, two are headed for possible psychomotor disorders which is alarming for their development, even so, they present a type of thinking and play appropriate to their age. Conclusion, the analytical method is apparently related to the alterations in the psychomotor contents evaluated based on the practice time, since three children train two hours a day, three times a week, for more than a year and a half, this would affect the development harmonious psychomotor development.

Guarantee of Learning and Quality of Education: The Recent Reality of Brazil

2025-06-01T02:16:22+00:00

The article has as its theme the current reality in Brazil, with regard to the guarantee of learning and quality of education as a goal of the National Education Plan (NEP) to be achieved (goal 7). A problem situation is outlined: In recent years, what has the academic community discussed about such a challenging reality in Brazil? What about publications on ensuring quality learning as a NEP goal to be achieved? This article aims to analyze recent academic discussions on the guarantee of learning and quality of education, concepts expressed by goal 7 of the NEP, against the background of the current reality in Brazil. From a methodological point of view, in addition to the literature used in the discipline, a search was performed on the CAPES journal portal for articles published in Brazil that deal with the subject of the article, using the year 2020 as a time frame, as well as the following descriptors: Learning Guarantee, Education Quality and National Education Plan. Due to what was mentioned in this article, it is important to consider the need to advance in debates, productions and the demand for a more incisive posture by the public authorities, about guaranteeing quality education and learning as a fundamental right and as goals for an entire nation, especially those who need it most in order to reduce social and educational inequalities.

Preservation and Promotion of an Identity Sports Practice

2025-06-01T02:32:03+00:00

The work carried out by the Asociación Centroamericana del Caribe y de Norteamérica del Deporte Ancestral de la Pelota Maya, in the preservation, conservation, and dissemination of this sport is worthy of mention due to the duty assumed by its leaders to rescue, value, preserve, and disseminate the traditions, customs, and knowledge of their ancestors. In a region characterized by poor countries where migration and loss of identity directly influence the lack of roots and, therefore, the abandonment of collective values, this association does not neglect its origins, history, and heritage. The objective of this article is to study the background and historical evolution of the aforementioned association. Emphasis will be placed on its historical trajectory and the political, economic, and cultural challenges it has faced. This goal will be achieved by obtaining the necessary information from the minutes and an interview given by José de Jesús Manrique Esquivel on March 4, 2025.

High School Students' Perceptions of Cooperativity and Competitiveness in Physical Education

2025-06-01T18:11:41+00:00

The objective of this study was to evaluate the perception of high school students on cooperativity and competitiveness in Physical Education classes. A purposive sample of 121 first and second year high school students was selected from the Carlos Díaz school, located in the 08-09 district of the Dominican Republic. For data collection, the analysis focused on the dimensions of cooperativity and competitiveness using the Social Interaction Preference Scale in Physical Education. Data were entered in Excel and analyzed using SPSS version 23, where communalities, mean, standard deviation, sum and percentages were obtained. The communalities varied between 0.501 and 0.650 for cooperativeness, and between 0.434 and 0.670 for competitiveness, which indicated that the items are representative for the sample studied and support the validity of the instrument. The results, expressed as percentages of the total possible for each item (484 points), indicated a greater preference for cooperativeness, with a range that varied between 66.94% and 82.23% compared to competitiveness, which ranged between 65.08% and 72.72%. In conclusion, it was determined that cooperativeness was more valued by the study sample, which coincides with findings from other previous research.

3x3 Basketball: Analysis and Understanding Based on Sport Pedagogy

2025-06-01T02:06:00+00:00

Presented by International Basketball Federation (FIBA) as the most practiced “Urban Team Sport” in the world, 3x3 Basketball (B3x3) lacks scientific investment and dissemination in the academic environment. In this perspective, this theoretical essay has as its main objective to characterize B3x3 from the perspective of Sport Pedagogy. In this way, it was possible to establish the foundations, tactical actions and main characteristics of this sport, reflect on its conception as an urban team sport and its supposed classification as the most practiced in the world. It is concluded that B3x3 is characterized as a complex and dynamic sport, whose characteristics differ from other body practices of the basketball family. Therefore, it is necessary that Physical Education and Sports Science professionals know its specificities, so that, based on the references of Sport Pedagogy, they organize, systematize, mediate and evaluate the teaching, experience, learning and training process, in order to stimulate a broad and critical formation of those who experience it.

History, Symbols and Senses of the Mascots of the Youth Olympic Games

2025-06-01T02:10:52+00:00

The recognition of Olympic symbology is an important part of today's Olympism and a fundamental component in the dissemination of the values of sport and the Olympic principles (Excellence, Respect and Friendship). This should be considered as essential knowledge for the training of any person involved in physical education, sport, physical activity and related areas. In this article, emphasis is placed on the Olympic mascots, which represent the culture and specific characteristics of the city chosen as Olympic venue. In addition, these mascots are strategies that connect young people to the world of sport and act as financial tools that allow for an increase in fundraising. The purpose of this paper is to share the information necessary to understand the role of Olympic mascots as a symbol, including the mascots designed for each edition of the Youth Olympic Games.

The Generation of Players who Made Women's Soccer Visible in Bolivia

2025-06-01T01:34:08+00:00

Today, Bolivian women can play soccer without discrimination or insults, and this has been possible thanks to a generation of players in Bolivian women's soccer who paved the way with effort, perseverance, and courage. This article seeks to highlight the voices of some players from the 1990s and the difficult path they endured along the way.

The Game in the Development of Children with Intellectual Disabilities

2025-06-01T02:04:28+00:00

This essay aims to analyze play as an essential activity for the development of children with intellectual disabilities (ID), from the perspective of the Historical-Cultural Theory (HCT). The study highlights that play is fundamental for the development of Higher Psychological Functions (HPFs) – perception, attention, imagination, memory, thought, and language – in children with and without ID, as it constitutes the primary activity in preschool age, providing a rich context for social interaction, world exploration, and the internalization of cultural tools that mediate development. However, children with ID may require more time, specific pedagogical mediations, and systematized teaching to achieve the expected development. The zone of proximal development is emphasized as a crucial space, focusing on the potentialities and not on the limitations of the school learning and development process.

Integral Perspective of Mindfulness in Physical Education

2025-06-01T02:13:30+00:00

The purpose of this essay is to explore the concept of mindfulness and its interface with the field of physical education and an integral perspective of human development. The methodology developed involved a non-systematic search in the literature, integrated with inspirations from autobiographical research. Initially, the text presents mindfulness as a mental state and at the same time as an approach within the field of meditative practices. It emphasizes that the practice of mindfulness is interdisciplinary and has the potential to enrich the work of physical education professionals, by integrating body and mind in a process of integral human development. The conclusion emphasizes that physical education, by adopting mindfulness practices, can offer an integral vision that meets the demands for a more complete education focused on personal and collective well-being. Thus, it is proposed that greater inclusion of mindfulness in the field of physical education is needed in order to strengthen the training of professionals who are better able to promote the integral health of individuals and communities.

Functional Rehabilitation in Patient Diagnosed with Inclusion Body Myositis. A Case Study

2025-06-01T02:02:55+00:00

The present investigation evaluated the effectiveness of an adapted functional rehabilitation program based on principles of prophylactic therapeutic physical culture and scientific sports periodization in a case of inclusion body myositis (IBM) in Guayaquil. A single case study design was used with an individualized training protocol for 24 weeks, using instruments such as the Barthel Index, the MRC Functional Scale and manual prehensile strength tests. Quantitative results evidenced significant improvements: a 15% increase in manual prehensile strength, a 20% reduction in the risk of falls (assessed by the TUG test) and a remarkable optimization of autonomy in activities of daily living. These findings are in line with the existing scientific evidence on the efficacy of multidisciplinary approaches in chronic neuromuscular pathologies. The implementation of systematized and personalized protocols allowed modulating the degenerative progression and improving the patient's quality of life. In conclusion, this study underlines the relevance of early and continuous interventions, combining adapted exercises and rigorous clinical monitoring, as a key strategy to mitigate the effects of MCI. These results contribute to the development of effective and personalized therapeutic protocols for this population. The objective is to analyze the efficacy of a functional rehabilitation protocol based on the principles of therapeutic and prophylactic physical culture, through the implementation of a training program specifically adapted to increase muscle strength and optimize mobility parameters in a patient diagnosed with inclusion body myositis in Guayaquil, Ecuador.

Observational Tool for Analyzing Behavior in Professional Tennis

2025-06-01T01:48:33+00:00

This study aims to develop and validate a specific observational tool for analyzing technical, tactical, and psychological actions in professional singles tennis. To this end, it integrates qualitative and quantitative methodologies and proposes a tool based on an exhaustive category system (17 criteria and 225 categories). The tool includes technical units (such as serve effectiveness), tactical components (strategic use of space), and contextual dimensions (psychological pressure at critical points). It was applied to matches played by elite tennis players (Federer, Nadal, Alcaraz, Swiatek, among others) on different surfaces and at competitive stages. HOISAN and SAGT software were used to ensure intra- and inter-observer reliability, achieving high coefficients (Pearson ≈ 0.99, Cohen’s Kappa ≥ 0.85). The gender invariance analysis showed no significant differences (Z = 0), confirming its applicability to both ATP and WTA circuits. This tool allows for the analysis of play sequences, design of situational training, and optimization of scouting, underlining its methodological rigor and practical value in real competition contexts.

Key Technology Trends and Challenges for iGaming in 2025 with Advanced AI and VR

2025-05-31T19:38:32+00:00

The iGaming market will continue its rapid growth in 2025, driven by the integration of advanced technologies to strengthen security, optimize user experience, and ensure transparency. In a competitive environment with high player expectations, providers must embrace key trends: artificial intelligence for predictive analytics, virtual/augmented reality for full immersion, and cryptocurrency/blockchain for secure and transparent transactions. While the traditional approach persists, innovation is crucial. Key challenges include promoting responsible gaming, regulatory compliance, and intense competition. To thrive, platforms must evolve, adapting their ethical and secure approaches to this dynamic sector.

Races in Portugal: The Main Events to Enjoy Surrounded by Nature

2025-05-28T17:44:59+00:00

Running in Portugal transcends the practice of sport, offering physical improvement, new connections and the opportunity to experience stunning landscapes. The country hosts marathons and half-marathons that stand out for their natural beauty and cultural richness. Among the main ones, the Porto Half Marathon (September 2025) enchants with views of the Douro River. The Coimbra Eco Half Marathon combines lush nature with historical sites. The internationally renowned EDP Lisbon Marathon runs along the coast and the Tagus. Other notable races include the Évora Half Marathon in the historic center, the Funchal Marathon with various routes, the fast Lisbon Half Marathon (SuperHalfs circuit), the Braga Half Marathon, and the Algarve Half Marathon, providing unforgettable experiences.

How to Learn more about Forex. A Simple Guide for Beginners

2025-05-21T18:54:56+00:00

The Forex market, or foreign exchange market, is the world's largest market where currencies are bought and sold for profit. Understanding what Forex is and how it works depends on the way currency prices fluctuate based on economic news and political decisions. Taking advantage of free online resources, such as blogs and videos, helps you learn the basics. It's essential to practice with a demo account to trade without risking real money, as well as learn about risk management, follow market news, and joining trading communities.

An X-ray of Forwards: Strategies for Identifying the Top Scorers in Argentine Soccer

2025-05-21T19:08:59+00:00

In the Argentine Professional League, unraveling the top scorers requires a deep analysis beyond the table. Key metrics such as goals per minute, conversions, and touches in the box must be considered, along with match context and specific patterns: Miguel Borja scores more in the final minutes, while Adrián Martínez excels in second plays. It is vital to avoid common mistakes such as ignoring the schedule, the impact of injuries, or the psychological history of players. Success stories, such as those of Ávalos and Merentiel, demonstrate the effectiveness of analyzing these factors. Although technology and algorithms are relevant, Argentine soccer requires considering the human factor and patterns such as the concentration of goals in certain periods, going beyond predictions based solely on pure data.

Effects of Aerobic Training on Leptin in Obese Individuals: An Integrative Review

2025-05-03T02:34:51+00:00

Obesity is related to excessive body fat accumulation and leptin resistance, a hormone that regulates appetite and energy balance. Aerobic training is an effective strategy to combat obesity, as it can improve leptin function, helping to control appetite and promote weight loss. Additionally, aerobic exercise increases adiponectin levels, improving metabolism and weight control. Objective: To investigate the effects of aerobic training on leptin levels in obese individuals. Methodology: a comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Lilacs databases. Results: A total of 390 articles were found, with 193 excluded due to duplication. In the end, 10 studies were selected for meeting the eligibility criteria. Serum leptin levels were reduced in obese individuals who performed aerobic training in 9 studies (90%). Conclusion: Aerobic training promotes the reduction of leptin levels in obese individuals, associating this effect with weight regulation and insulin resistance. In addition to body fat loss, the duration and intensity of aerobic exercise are important factors. The combination of aerobic exercise with resistance training and dietary interventions proved to be more effective in reducing leptin than exercise alone.

Violence, Sport and Health. A Review Study

2025-05-05T18:12:24+00:00

Frequently associated with improving health and physical and social well-being, “sport” presents a complex facet when considering the various forms of violence that permeate it. Experts on the subject state that the sports environment is not immune to various manifestations of violence between practitioners and fans. Thus, based on a review of the scientific literature (scoping review), with the aim of identifying the various forms of violence that occur in the sports environment, 135 scientific articles published in the last decade were selected and analyzed. The results indicate structural violence, including racism and sexism, as a predominant theme, impacting equal opportunities and highlighting the need to rethink the culture of violence and promote fair play at all levels of sport. It was possible to conclude that the potential of sport as a tool for social transformation is unquestionable, as long as protection and respect policies are implemented. To address violence in sport, there must be actions focused on education, prevention and the promotion of safe and inclusive environments.

Weightlifting (1912-1954) and Bodybuilding (1953-1969) in Costa Rica

2025-05-03T02:05:44+00:00

The methodology used to conduct this ethnographic historical record as qualitative research is based on a review of the commercial press, where pertinent information and images illustrating the narrative are gathered. The objective of this article is to describe the origins of weightlifting (1912-1954) and bodybuilding (1953-1969) in Costa Rica, their private promotion, and the state's stance on their promotion from the first reports of their practice in 1912 and 1953 to their decline in 1954 and 1969, respectively.

Adapted Exercises for Teaching-Learning of Students with Visual Disabilities to the Practice of Goalball

2025-05-03T02:09:31+00:00

This research was conducted in a specialized educational unit with the aim of improving the teaching-learning process of goalball for students with visual impairments. The study began with the recognition of the limitations these students face in areas such as spatial orientation, motor precision, and technical execution during the practice of the sport. Based on this, the objective was to design a set of adapted exercises that respond to the specific needs of this population, encouraging their active participation and the development of motor skills. The methodology employed was quantitative, with a non-experimental, descriptive, and cross-sectional design. A Likert-type rating scale was applied to four students with visual impairments to diagnose their level of technical performance. Based on the results obtained, a guide of progressive and contextualized exercises was structured. The proposal was validated by four Physical Education experts, who evaluated various methodological, pedagogical, and ethical aspects using an expert judgment matrix. The results showed high acceptance, with a predominance of "Fully Compliant" ratings, which supported the relevance, coherence, and viability of the proposal. In conclusion, the developed proposal constitutes an effective inclusive strategy that promotes equitable access and meaningful learning of goalball in specialized school settings. The main objective of the scientific article is to design a set of adapted exercises for teaching and learning goalball to students with visual impairments.

Students' Perceptions of the Use of Music during Physical Education Classes

2025-05-03T17:44:59+00:00

Since ancient times, music has been present in humanity, becoming a key educational tool for cognitive and motor development. The present study aims to analyze the perception of basic secondary education students regarding the use of music in Physical Education classes. The study method is descriptive, with an empirical design based on a Likert-type survey applied to seventy students in the 2023-2024 school year. As a result, when using music as an educational strategy, 91.4% of students perceived a motivation to learn new subjects, improving the motor part by 58.6% as well as reducing stress by 93.1%. Noting that 88% of respondents support the use of music during classes to facilitate cognitive and motor learning. This work highlights the relevance of music as an active methodology in the educational context, contributing to a holistic training that covers cognitive, emotional, and motor dimensions in students.

Health and Hygiene Habits in High School and College Students after the COVID-19 Pandemic

2025-05-03T02:15:33+00:00

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of personal hygiene and the disinfection of objects and surfaces. This study aimed to investigate daily health habits and hygiene practices, comparing these aspects between high school and undergraduate students six months after the peak of the pandemic. The research was conducted over a two-month period and involved students from both educational levels, who responded to a 25-question survey related to hygiene, healthy practices, and knowledge about COVID-19. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (p<0.05), with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 26.0. The results indicated that high school students showed a lower frequency of hand washing after using the restroom (p=0.003), while university students reported less regularity in sanitizing groceries from the supermarket (p=0.01), with no differences observed in other analyzed variables. It was concluded that undergraduate students engage more in daily hygiene practices but pay less attention to disinfecting objects, whereas high school students specifically prioritize cleaning supermarket-purchased products.

Physical Exercises to Improve Upper Extremity Strength in Hypertensive Older Adults

2025-05-03T02:24:16+00:00

Human development, along with social progress, confronts us with increasing life expectancy. It is very important to prevent the functional consequences of diseases and the impacts on older adults' ability to manage daily life. This research aimed to design a physical exercise plan to improve strength in the upper extremities of hypertensive older adults of the establishment "El Naranjo" in the municipality Cumanayagua. The methodological procedure used in the study corresponds to a pre-experimental pretest-posttest design for a single group, for which we worked with a population of 59 older adults, from which a sample of 15 older adults was selected through intentional non-probabilistic sampling and with inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 of them are female and 5 male with ages between 60 and 79 years. To give execution to the proposed objectives different methods and instruments they were applied among those that are theoretical methods as the historical-logical, analytic-synthetic and inductive-deductive and of the empiric level; the analysis of documents, the mensuration, the approach of specialists and the structured observation. The reached results reflected a remarkable maintenance of the healthy physical condition in the studied group.

Presentation of the book School Physical Education. Policy, Curriculum, and Didactics. Challenges and Proposals for Our America

2025-05-03T17:00:38+00:00

School Physical Education faces challenges in ethical and political legitimation, curricular organization, and didactic implementation. A vision is sought that promotes democratic values, overcomes reductionism, and develops critical citizens. It is crucial to explain and update knowledge of the discipline, integrating body, movement, health, and body culture. Furthermore, innovation in teaching strategies is required for meaningful learning and formative assessment. This book by Bagnara, Fensterseifer, and Rozengardt offers a solid proposal for rethinking physical education in Our America.

The Social Representations in Special Education: Collaborative Service

2025-05-03T02:02:50+00:00

This essay aims to discuss the relationship between the Theory of Social Representations and Special Education with regard to collaborative care. This discussion will be based on both professional experiences and a review of bibliographic sources that deal with the Theory of Social Representations and Special Education as a teaching modality. Special Education is a teaching modality responsible for the development of Specialized Educational Service, taking advantage of the available resources and services, guiding the teaching and learning processes in the common classes of regular basic education, it is through this teaching modality that inclusion materializes. Therefore, some precepts need to be discussed and delimited in the light of Social Representations, that is, how concepts such as Inclusion, Special Education, Specialized Educational Service and Collaborative Service are actually thought. The group of school professionals still maintains a view that there are groups of teachers who need to take antagonistic positions, such as regent teachers and Special Education teachers for Specialized Educational Service, in fact, what should happen is just the opposite, the understanding that everyone seeks the same end when it comes to offering education with equity, as well as about the guarantee of students' rights, this is related to the Social Representations that are present in the school context when it comes to Special Education and Inclusive Education.

The Configuration of Leisure under the Conditions of Non-Working-Time

2025-05-03T02:00:03+00:00

This study aims to reflect on the logic of leisure under the conditions of the sociability of capital and its repercussions for the social being. It is understood that leisure situated within the human relations subjugated by the commodity-producing system presents an unfair and strange character. The research has a qualitative approach of the bibliographic type, in addition to being based on the critical-dialectical epistemological paradigm. The development of leisure from the perspective of the realm of freedom is inconceivable within the molds of the current mode of production and reproduction of life. Furthermore, understanding leisure as non-work time, in effect, leisure can be swallowed up by the logic of the expansion of commodities typical of the metabolic system of capital. Leisure is configured, within the sociometabolism of capital, as a crucial market niche for the profit extraction by business sectors.

Association Between Sedentary Behavior and Public Costs of Chronic Diseases: Systematic Review Protocol

2025-05-03T02:31:55+00:00

Introduction: Non-transmissible Chronicles (DCNT's) are considered an important public health problem. Sedentary behavior (SC) is associated with the appearance of chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiometabolic diseases, mental illnesses and increased risk of death and death. It is important to note that CS is associated with the development and aggravation of injuries, and that people with greater exposure to CS demand higher health expenses, the relationship between CS and these expenses is not clear. Objective: The objective of this protocol is to synthesize the evidence regarding the association between SB and public costs on NCDs in noninstitutionalized adults and elderly people. The study will include observational, experimental, and quasi-experimental studies and economic evaluations. After identifying the studies, two reviewers will collect the data in a spreadsheet. A third reviewer will analyze the extracted data and merge it. The form will contain information about: authors, year of publication, population, type of study, location of the study, main results, and cost of the intervention. The protocol will use PRISMA-P 2020. The acronym PICOS will be created, and search terms related to SB will be combined with terms related to the type of study. Bibliographic databases will also be included: the Cochrane Library, the National Library of Medicine, Scopus, Web of Science and Sport Discus. Discussion: Heterogeneity and potential study selection bias can be limiting factors, but it is emphasized that the main focus is to synthesize the evidence of the highest methodological quality to support decision-making in public policy.

Tactical Thinking in the Teaching of Olympic Wrestling

2025-05-03T02:37:37+00:00

The purpose of this paper is to analyze tactical thinking and its relevance in decision making within the sport of Olympic wrestling. The various types of knowledge that comprise it are explored. It is proposed that, in initiation stages, the teaching of this sport be based on the understanding of combat towards its execution. Establishing as pedagogical reference frameworks, the TGFU model (Teaching Games for Understanding) and other derived approaches, focused on tactics. Research on tactical thinking by various previous authors is analyzed, highlighting its relevance to decision-making. The advantages of teaching with an approach based on understanding, without neglecting the learning of the techniques necessary for proper execution.

Reliability of the Strain Gauge in Assessing Isometric Strength in Leg Extension

2025-05-03T02:18:24+00:00

Muscular performance is a key indicator of overall health and is associated with benefits such as a healthier cardiovascular profile and a lower risk of metabolic diseases. This study aims to evaluate the reliability of isometric strength measurement in the lower limbs using a Chronojump® strain gauge in university students, providing evidence on the repeatability and reliability of this evaluation method. The research was conducted using an observational cross-sectional descriptive design with repeated measurements. A total of 49 students from the University of Sonora participated, with an average age of 20.32 ± 2.83 years, including 28 women and 21 men. The participants’ maximum isometric strength was assessed on a multi-station gym machine using a Chronojump® strain gauge. The results showed excellent repeatability values for both bilateral and unilateral evaluations (ICC between 0.983 and 0.986). It is concluded that the Chronojump® strain gauge is a reliable instrument for measuring isometric strength in the lower limbs, demonstrating high reliability in both bilateral and unilateral assessments. It is recommended that future research increases the sample size and incorporates statistical analyses such as the standard error of the mean and the minimal detectable change to identify significant differences resulting from interventions.

Effects of Sports Massage Therapy on Upper Limb Muscle Recovery Indicators after Resistance Training

2025-05-03T02:21:20+00:00

Resistance training aims at muscular hypertrophy, however this process can trigger tension and decrease muscle-tendon elasticity, compromising range of movement and generating pain. Sports massage increases tissue circulation and works to drain interstitial fluids, thus moderating the level of muscle tension and recovery time. This study aims to evaluate the effects of sports massage on resistance training practitioners, analyzing flexibility and pain in the upper limbs. This is a quasi-experimental study of an uncontrolled clinical trial applied to 8 adult men, with an average age of 38.6 years, who have been practicing bodybuilding for at least six months. Pain and flexibility were assessed before and after training, 24 hours after and after sports massage on the upper limbs. The results indicated that the sports massage applied 24 hours after training was effective in recovering joint range of motion in all points evaluated, with p values between <0.001 and 0.04. There was also a mean reduction in the Visual Analogue Scale pain score, from 3.75 (SD=2.2) to 2.0 (SD=1.4). Given the results, it is suggested that sports massage therapy in resistance training environments, such as gyms, can be an ally in post-workout recovery and injury prevention in bodybuilders.

Project Health for Montes: Glycemic and Blood Pressure Monitoring in Physical Activity Practitioners

2025-05-03T02:26:38+00:00

Cardiovascular diseases are a group of multifactorial diseases that clinically affect cardiac function. They represent the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in both the Brazilian and global populations. This study aimed to report the experience of screening for cardiovascular disease through glycemic and blood pressure monitoring in individuals engaged in outdoor physical activity. This report details a teaching experience conducted with students from the Technical Nursing course on May 28, 2023, at the inauguration of the Mounts Health Project in a public park. The project aimed to improve the health of park users. Educational institutions and municipal health teams provided various health services, including blood pressure measurement, capillary glucose testing, vaccination, physical therapy, healthy eating guidance, and promotion of physical activity. Capillary blood glucose and blood pressure values were recorded for a subset of users. The sample consisted of 64 users, predominantly female, aged 41-50 years, and mostly without comorbidities. Among the recorded chronic diseases, hypertension was most prevalent. Glycemic and blood pressure values were generally within normal limits. In conclusion, glycemic and blood pressure monitoring contributes to the early screening of cardiovascular diseases, facilitating earlier diagnosis and treatment, and ultimately improving user survival.

Top Reasons why Traveling to Turkey Should Be on your 2025 List

2025-04-24T22:51:56+00:00

Turkey, a fascinating destination that blends ancient traditions with modernity, attracts travelers in 2025 with its rich culture, diverse landscapes, and affordability. Discover history in ancient cities like Ephesus and Troy, and experience the blend of East and West in Istanbul, home to Hagia Sophia and the Blue Mosque. Turkey's famous hospitality, centered on food, music, and family, enriches the traveler's cultural experience.

The Impact of Hiking on Physical and Mental Health

2025-04-14T23:38:21+00:00

Hiking, more than a hobby, is a physically and emotionally beneficial lifestyle. Accessible and connected to nature, it improves cardiovascular health, strengthens muscles and joints, and helps with weight control. It also reduces stress, stimulates cognition, and enhances emotional well-being. Inclusive and educational, it relies responsibly on technology and promotes sustainable tourism, boosting local economies and nature conservation. Walking reconnects body and mind toward a more conscious and active life.

2021 IIHF World Junior Championship

2025-04-11T21:09:27+00:00

The 2021 IIHF World Junior Championship in Canada was unforgettable, albeit without fans due to COVID-19. The tournament featured unexpected results and stars like Trevor Zegras (USA MVP) and Anton Lundell (Finland). The USA won gold, Canada silver, and Finland bronze.

Ecuador Lost to Paraguay in the U-17 World Cup and Must Wait for the Playoffs

2025-04-11T21:07:21+00:00

Ecuador lost to Paraguay in the qualifying matches for the U-17 World Cup in Qatar and must now wait to play the final playoff against Bolivia in a few days. They lost on penalties after a close match, leaving their qualification in risk.

The Impact of Soccer in Mexico: Passion, Culture, and Development

2025-04-10T13:55:46+00:00

Soccer in Mexico is much more than a sport; it is a pillar of national identity, rooted in tradition and passed down through generations. Teams like América and Chivas generate passionate communities. The national team unites the country in international competitions, contrasting with the individual passion for clubs in Liga MX, one of the strongest in Latin America, which also includes a growing women's league. In addition to its economic impact, soccer functions as a social tool, fostering values and offering opportunities to marginalized communities. The World Cups held in Mexico have left an indelible mark, and the participation of Mexican clubs in international tournaments elevates their global prestige. Ultimately, soccer is a cultural and social phenomenon that will continue to shape Mexican passion.

Plant Protein and Strength Training. Impacts on Plasma Leucine Concentrations

2025-04-06T01:53:10+00:00

Physical exercise, especially strength training, has health benefits, including increased muscle mass. Adequate protein intake was essential to optimise these effects, especially leucine, an essential amino acid. Although proteins of animal origin have been considered superior, plant proteins, when combined, could also be effective. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a protein supplement derived from immature cowpea pods on plasma leucine concentration in young adults after a strength training session. Ten healthy men took part in the study, performing strength training under four conditions: control, exercise, supplementation and supplementation with exercise. Blood samples were taken to analyse leucine. The supplementation consisted of 150g of mashed cowpea pods, with an estimated protein content of between 15g and 18g. Leucine levels varied significantly between conditions. Exercise alone maintained levels for longer, while supplementation resulted in an earlier but smaller increase. The combination of supplementation and exercise showed a trend of progressive reduction, suggesting that the vegetable protein may not have provided enough leucine to optimise the training response. It was concluded that cowpea protein supplementation did not significantly increase plasma leucine after training, possibly due to slower digestion and a less complete amino acid profile. Additional strategies, such as combining with other amino acids or carbohydrates, may have been necessary to optimise the use of plant proteins in strength training.

History of the Luis Navarro Sports Talent High School

2025-04-06T01:21:16+00:00

The present article has two objectives, the first corresponds to reconstruct the genesis of the Luis Navarro Sports Talent Liceo and the second is oriented to analyze the participation of the student-athletes of this Institution in the VI Central American and Caribbean School Games 2023. A documentary investigation was carried out, collecting information in physical, digital documents and personal interviews to corroborate the facts. As a conclusion of the study, it was determined that the first sports talent school began in Caracas in 1985, designed by Professor Francisco "Paco" Diez, later in 1986 the Board of Directors of the National Sports Institute gave it the eponym German Villalobos Bravo. Regarding the participation of student-athletes from the Luis Navarro Sports Talent School, the delegation contributed 25% of the medals for the country, totaling 28 gold, 20 silver and 14 bronze, with an average age of 16 years, broken down into 14 females and 16 males. This significant contribution contributed to the overall success of the Venezuelan delegation. These results will allow us to visualize the potential of these participants in the future, thus representing the next generation of the country.

Effects of Individualized Strength-Speed Training on the Power of Two Young Soccer Players

2025-04-06T01:59:59+00:00

Both strength and speed are physical abilities that have been partially analyzed by working them separately, however, Power reflects the relationship between Force and Speed (P = F x V) which recognizes the amount of force generated in an activity where there is a speed. The relationship of Force-speed (F-V) and Power-speed (P-V), underpin the Force-Power-Speed profiles, characterized by the maximum mechanical capacities of the neuromuscular system of the lower limbs in various sports. This study focuses on soccer, where homogeneity in training is reflected, assuming that its athletes have the same conditions; a situation that does not favor the development and individual potential of each soccer player; therefore. The main objective of the research is to describe the effect of an individualized training plan, based on explosive strength (Strength-Speed) on the power of soccer players. A quantitative approach is used, with case study guidelines, with a sample of two young Chilean soccer players, who participated in individualized training plans; concluding that individualized work obtains benefits at levels of strength, contraction speed and greater muscular power, since the positive increase in the power levels of both young Chilean soccer players participating in the study is evident, thus favoring relevant qualities in this sport discipline. The results obtained contribute to the achievement of greater displacement (sprint) at the time of competing, reaching greater muscle tension and speed in them.

Physical Education for inclusion. An Epistemological and Socioeconomic Perspective

2025-04-06T01:56:42+00:00

The essay aims to problematize the epistemological concepts of inclusive education, linking corporality, its conceptions and movement as a central axis in the development of physical education and how, from the diversity of bodies and movements, one is in the world. This will be followed by some insights into how physical activity for all plays a key role in achieving pecuniary and non-pecuniary benefits for students and their families and the potential socio-economic consequences for the inhabited place and the national context; to then conclude with the various political cultural conceptions of what difference and diversity mean in the physical education class. The main conclusions point to the recognition of the conceptions of normality and difference as assumptions that bias and perpetuate inequalities in the subject of physical education and in educational systems.

Athletics in Guatemala (1931-1944). Military, Political Submission and Female Visibility

2025-04-15T19:28:43+00:00

The objective of this article is to study the role of the Jorge Ubico regime between 1931 and 1944 in the use of athletics in the political subjugation of the aborigines and the visibility of women. The above was done by extracting the information required in the newspaper El Imparcial during the years of study. The interest in centralizing, directing and modernizing sports activity and physical education in Guatemala led the Ubico regime to use athletics for the political subjugation of the aborigines and the visibility of Guatemalan women athletes in the national public sphere. The athletic triumphs of the aborigines legitimized their submission to the national project, but not their assimilation into the ladino world. Their victories allow us to point out that, at least symbolically, athletics was used as a means to resist the domination that had been imposed on them. The participation of girls and women in interscholastic games helped make Guatemalan women athletes visible in the national public sphere. Which marks the beginning of a process where Guatemalan women begin to appropriate sports practices, where the execution of sports went from being a hobby for her -without discipline or training- to a cultural practice that allowed her to be the owner of her body, and herself, setting personal goals, which gave her greater recognition in national society and overcame false conceptions of gender.

Comparison of Flexibility and Joint Mobility in Student Dancers and Non-Dancers

2025-04-06T01:45:39+00:00

Flexibility and joint mobility play crucial roles in the health and physical performance of adolescents. With the growing interest in dance as a form of exercise and extracurricular activity, this study aims to compare flexibility and health-related joint mobility between adolescent dance practitioners and non-practitioners. The sample was intentionally selected and consisted of 20 female adolescents, aged 15 years, divided into two groups: Control (GC), with 10 non-dancers, and Dance (GD), with 10 dancers who had practiced for at least one year. Flexibility of the hamstring muscles was assessed using the sit-and-reach test, and hip joint mobility was measured by goniometry. Statistical analysis included Shapiro-Wilk tests (normality) and Student’s t-test for independent samples. The results showed that the dance group exhibited greater flexibility (GC=40.9 cm; GD=52.4 cm, p=0.001) and better results in several joint mobility tests: internal rotation of the right hip (GC=49; GD=51, p=0.002), flexion of the right hip with the knee flexed (GC=59.4; GD=62.2, p=0.007), and abduction of the left hip (GC=63.6; GD=68.8, p=0.001). It is concluded that dance practice is associated with greater flexibility and better joint mobility of the lower limbs in adolescents, promoting greater physical health benefits.

Psychosocial Impact after Early Abandonment of Sports Career in Soccer Athletes

2025-04-06T02:08:15+00:00

In recent years, scientific interest in the psychological dimension of athletes has grown significantly. However, there is still little knowledge about how these individuals reintegrate into society after the early end of their careers. In view of this, this study seeks to map the existing literature on the psychosocial impact of premature abandonment of sporting careers in soccer athletes, identifying gaps and directing future research on the subject. This is a scoping review that aims to answer the following research question: What is the psychosocial impact of early career abandonment on soccer players? To this end, scientific databases were analyzed and specific criteria applied to the selection of studies. Initially, 312 articles were pre-selected, of which only four met the eligibility criteria. The research protocol was registered on the Open Science Framework (OSF) platform. The results show that, despite the relevance of the topic, the psychological and social issues faced by former athletes are still largely neglected in the sports world. As a result, there is a significant gap in knowledge about the challenges faced by these individuals and their processes of adaptation and reintegration into society. These findings reinforce the need for further scientific research and the implementation of support strategies that facilitate the transition to new professional and academic opportunities, promoting a more structured and humanized detachment from the sporting environment.

Oral Health Assessment and Hygiene Behaviors in Professional Handball Athletes

2025-04-06T01:40:53+00:00

Statement of the problem: Athletes, particularly those in contact sports like handball, face significant oral health challenges due to their intense physical activities. Effective oral health management in these athletes is crucial to prevent dental trauma and maintain overall oral hygiene. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of pericoronitis in young handball athletes through an intraoral clinical examination. Materials and methods: The study was conducted with 42 professional handball athletes from the Vikings Handebol Campos club. A clinical examination was performed by a single trained observer using a disposable wooden spatula and natural light. Results: The results detailed the oral health behaviors, including the frequency of dental visits, brushing habits, use of interdental care, and fluoride product. Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the oral health practices of professional handball players and highlights the need for targeted oral health interventions in athletes.

Relationship between Vertical Jump and the 30-Meter Sprint Test in Sprinters

2025-04-06T01:49:15+00:00

Performance in vertical jumps, such as the Squat Jump (SJ) and Counter Movement Jump (CMJ), shows a strong correlation with sprint tests. However, there is a scarcity of research focusing on medium-level sprinters in Curitiba that explores the relationship between vertical jump metrics and performance in the 30-meter sprint. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between vertical jump metrics (SJ and CMJ) and performance in the 30-meter sprint test among sprinters. This was an observational, analytical, and cross-sectional study. Sixteen sprinters from Curitiba, with a mean age of 22.8 (±1.77) years and an average time of 3.27 seconds (±0.12 seconds) in the 30-meter sprint, performed SJ and CMJ tests using a CEFISE Jump System Contact Mat. A Photocell System measured the 30-meter sprint times. The agreement and reliability of the jump and sprint attempts were calculated using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Data analysis was conducted using Jamovi software version 2.3.38, with a significance level of 5%. Statistically significant and strong correlations were found between the jump heights in SJ and CMJ, as well as between power per kilogram of body mass. It was concluded that the metrics from the SJ and CMJ jumps are not related to performance in the 30-meter sprint test and that relative strength, along with power, should be considered by coaches in training planning.

Body Image, Dissatisfaction and Dysmorphic Disorder

2025-04-06T02:05:16+00:00

Introduction: Body dissatisfaction is a complex phenomenon that affects mental health and well-being, and is influenced by social, cultural, and personal factors. Objectives: To analyze body dissatisfaction in the university context, identifying the factors that shape the perception of self-image and their implications for students' mental health. Methodology: This is a narrative review of the literature based on the analysis of books, articles, and publications indexed in databases such as SciELO, PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar. The selection followed criteria of relevance to the topic in Brazil, prioritizing studies on body dissatisfaction in young university students, body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), and perception of body image. The textual production was structured in two axes: the first addresses the prevalence and determining factors of body dissatisfaction; while the second discusses the transition to more serious conditions, such as BDD, analyzing risk factors and intervention and prevention strategies. Results and discussion: The growing body dissatisfaction, influenced by factors such as media, social networks and aesthetic standards, impacts mental health, especially among university students. Studies indicate that women, especially young and overweight women, are more prone to body image distortion, with implications for eating disorders and psychological disorders. The pandemic has intensified the use of social networks, exacerbating these problems. Conclusion: Body dissatisfaction among young university students is a growing problem, affecting mental health and academic performance. Holistic and multidisciplinary interventions are essential to promote physical and mental well-being.

Production, Circulation, and Global Translation of Ideas and Experts in Physical Culture and Physical Education

2025-04-06T12:05:40+00:00

This book, published by the National University of La Plata and coordinated by Alejo Levoratti and Pablo Scharagrodsky, explores the evolution of Physical Education (PE) in South America between 1930 and 1980. It highlights the influence of transoceanic voyages and the mutual exchange between South American and European teachers. It analyzes key figures such as Enrique Carlos Romero Brest, Alberto Langlade, Inezil Penna Marinho, and Luis Bisquertt Susarte, and European gymnastic movements, revealing how they shaped PE in the region. The book also examines these actors' relationship with political power and how their ideas impacted teacher training and public policy.