El efecto de una sesión de entrenamiento de sprint repetidos sobre la fatiga neuromuscular aguda
Resumen
El rendimiento de salto contra movimiento (SCM) puede representar una forma práctica y no invasiva de monitorear y controlar el entrenamiento. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar la influencia aguda de un protocolo de entrenamiento de sprints repetidos (ESR) sobre el rendimiento neuromuscular, evaluado a través del SCM y un test de velocidad (40m), en diferentes períodos; y verificar si la disminución del sprint obtenida a lo largo del protocolo de ESR estaría relacionada con la disminución aguda del SCM. Participaron once atletas masculinos (22,66±1,97 años, 75,68±7,84 kg, 1,78±2,06m) de equipos deportivos universitarios. Los voluntarios se sometieron a una evaluación de SCM. La sesión de entrenamiento (ESR) tuvo lugar 48 horas después del protocolo de evaluación inicial. Las pruebas de seguimiento del SCM se realizaron durante y después de la sesión de entrenamiento (2, 24 y 48hs). La diferencia individual mínima (DIM) se utilizó para identificar cambios individuales reales en SCM y rendimiento del sprint. Se utilizó el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson, con intervalos de confianza del 95%, para identificar la relación entre SCM y rendimiento de sprint. Los resultados indican que el protocolo de ESR induce cambios en SCM y sprint. El rendimiento de SCM volvió a valores de referencia 24 y 48hs después del ESR. El rendimiento del sprint se mantuvo alterado durante el ESR. Sin embargo, el rendimiento se mantuvo debajo de la DIM a las 2, 24 y 48hs después del protocolo de entrenamiento. El rendimiento entre SCM y sprint mostró correlación positiva y significativa.
Referencias
Beato, M., Coratella, G., Bianchi, M., Costa, E., & Merlini, M. (2019). Short-Term Repeated-Sprint Training (Straight Sprint vs. Changes of Direction) in Soccer Players. Journal of Human Kinetics, 70(1), 183-190. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2019-0040
Bishop, C., McAuley, W., Read, P., Gonzalo-Skok, O., Lake, J., & Turner, A. (2019). Acute Effect of Repeated Sprints on Interlimb Asymmetries During Unilateral Jumping. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 1. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000003109
Brasch, M.T., Neeld, K.L., Konkol, K.F., & Pettitt, R.W. (2019). Value of Wellness Ratings and Countermovement Jumping Velocity to Monitor Performance. International Journal of Exercise Science, 12(4), 88-99. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6355136/
Claudino, J.G., Mezêncio, B., Soncin, R., Ferreira, J.C., Couto, B.P., & Szmuchrowski, L.A. (2012). Pre vertical jump performance to regulate the training volume. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 33(2), 101-107. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1286293
Claudino, JG, Cronin, J., Mezêncio, B., McMaster, DT, McGuigan, M., Tricoli, V., Amadio, AC, & Serrão, JC (2017). The countermovement jump to monitor neuromuscular status: A meta-analysis. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 20(4), 397-402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2016.08.011
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. Routledge Academic.
Gabbett, T.J. (2016). The training-injury prevention paradox: Should athletes be training smarter and harder? British Journal of Sports Medicine, 50(5), 273-280. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095788
Garrett, J., Graham, SR, Eston, RG, Burgess, DJ, Garrett, LJ, Jakeman, J., & Norton, K. (2019). A novel method of assessment for monitoring neuromuscular fatigue in Australian rules football players. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 14(5), 598-605. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2018-0253
Garrett, JM, Graham, SR, Eston, RG, Burgess, DJ, Garrett, LJ, Jakeman, J., & Norton, K. (2020). Comparison of a countermovement jump test and submaximal run test to quantify the sensitivity for detecting practically important changes within high-performance Australian rules football. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 15(1), 68-72. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2019-0150
Gathercole, R.J., Sporer, B.C., Stellingwerff, T., & Sleivert, G.G. (2015a). Comparison of the capacity of different jump and sprint field tests to detect neuromuscular fatigue. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 29(9), 2522-2531. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000912
Gathercole, R., Sporer, B., Stellingwerff, T., & Sleivert, G. (2015b). Alternative countermovement-jump analysis to quantify acute neuromuscular fatigue. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 10(1), 84-92. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2013-0413
Hamlin, M.J., Wilkes, D., Elliot, C.A., Lizamore, C.A., & Kathiravel, Y. (2019). Monitoring training loads and perceived stress in young elite university athletes. Frontiers in Physiology, 10(JAN), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.00034
Heishman, A.D., Curtis, M.A., Saliba, E., Hornett, R.J., Malin, S.K., & Weltman, A.L. (2018). Noninvasive assessment of internal and external player load: Implications for optimizing athletic performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 32(5), 1280-1287. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002413
Heishman, A.D., Daub, B.D., Miller, R.M., Freitas, E.D.S., Frantz, B.A., & Bemben, M.G. (2020). Countermovement Jump Reliability Performed With and Without an Arm Swing in NCAA Division 1 Intercollegiate Basketball Players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 34(2), 546-558. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002812
Hopkins, W.G. (2002). A scale of magnitudes for effect statistics. http://www.sportsci.org/resource/stats/effectmag.html
Hughes, S., Chapman, D.W., Haff, G.G., & Nimphius, S. (2019). The use of a functional test battery as a noninvasive method of fatigue assessment. PLoS One, 14(2), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0212870
Ispirlidis, I., Fatouros, IG, Jamurtas, AZ, Nikolaidis, MG, Michailidis, I., Douroudos, I., Margonis, K., Chatzinikolaou, A., Kalistratos, E., Katrabasas, I., Alexiou, V., & Taxildaris, K. (2008). Time-course of changes in inflammatory and performance responses following a soccer game. Clinical journal of sport medicine: official journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine, 18(5), 423-431. https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0b013e3181818e0b
Jiménez-Reyes, P., Pareja-Blanco, F., Cuadrado-Peñafiel, V., Morcillo, J.A., Párraga, J.A., & González-Badillo, J.J. (2016). Mechanical, Metabolic and Perceptual Response during Sprint Training. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 37(10), 807-812. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-107251
Jiménez-Reyes, P., Pareja-Blanco, F., Cuadrado-Peñafiel, V., Ortega-Becerra, M., Párraga, J., & González-Badillo, J.J. (2019). Jump height loss as an indicator of fatigue during sprint training. Journal of Sports Sciences, 37(9), 1029-1037. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2018.1539445
Kale, M., Aşçi, A., Bayrak, C., & Açikada, C. (2009). Relationship among jumping performances and sprint parameters during maximum speed phase in sprinters. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23(8), 2272-2279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b3e182
Markström, J.L., & Olsson, C.J. (2013). Countermovement jump peak force relative to body weight and jump height as predictors for sprint running performances: (in)homogeneity of track and field athletes? Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27(4), 944-953. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318260edad
McGuigan, H., Hassmén, P., Rosic, N., & Stevens, C.J. (2020). Training monitoring methods used in the field by coaches and practitioners: A systematic review. International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching, 5()3, 439-451. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954120913172
Oliver, J.L., Lloyd, R.S., & Whitney, A. (2015). Monitoring of in-season neuromuscular and perceptual fatigue in youth rugby players. European Journal of Sport Science, 15(6), 514-522. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2015.1063700
Pagaduan, J., Schoenfeld, B.J., & Pojskić, H. (2019). Systematic review and meta-analysis on the effect of contrast training on vertical jump performance. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 41(3), 63-78. https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0000000000000442
Pinheiro, G.S., Quintao, R.C., Custodio, I., Casamichana, D., & Couto, B.P. (2018). Analysis of relationships between different training load monitoring tools in elite u-20 soccer. Human Movement, 19(52), 52-59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/hm.2018.81014
Pinheiro, GS, Chiari, RC, Nascimento, VB, Claudino, JG, Alves, AL, Teoldo da Costa, I., & Teoldo da Costa, V. (2022). Small-sided games do not replicate all external and internal loads of a football match-play during pre-season: A case study. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541211069935
Rey, A.E., Corredoira, F.J., Costa, P.B., Pérez-Ferreirós, A., & Fernández-Villarino, M.A. (2020). Acute effects of training load on contractile properties during a competitive microcycle in elite soccer players. Biol Sport, 37(2), 157-163. https://dx.doi.org/10.5114%2Fbiolsport.2020.93041
Ryan, S., Kempton, T., Impellizzeri, F.M., & Coutts, A.J. (2020). Training monitoring in professional Australian football: theoretical basis and recommendations for coaches and scientists. Science and Medicine in Football, 4(1), 52-58. https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2019.1641212
Szmuchrowski, L.A., Claudino, J.G.O., Neto, S.L.A., Menzel, H.J.K., & Couto, B.P. (2012). Determinação do número mínimo de saltos verticais para monitorar as respostas ao treinamento pliométrico. Motricidade, 8(Supl. 2), 383-392. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/231537252
Thorpe, R.T., Atkinson, G., Drust, B., & Gregson, W. (2017). Monitoring fatigue status in elite team-sport athletes: Implications for practice. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 12, 27-34. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2016-0434
Wu, P.P.Y., Sterkenburg, N., Everett, K., Chapman, D.W., White, N., & Mengersen, K. (2019). Predicting fatigue using countermovement jump force-time signatures: PCA can distinguish neuromuscular versus metabolic fatigue. PLoS One, 14(7), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0219295
Yu, P., Gong, Z., Meng, Y., Baker, J.S., István, B., & Gu, Y. (2020). The acute influence of running-induced fatigue on the performance and biomechanics of a countermovement jump. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 10(12), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10124319
Zabaloy, S., Carlos-Vivas, J., Freitas, T., Pareja-Blanco, F., Pereira, L., Loturco, I., Comyns, T., Javier, G., & Alcaraz, PE (2020). Relationships between Resisted Sprint Performance and Different Strength and Power Measures in Rugby Players. Sports, 8(3), 1-13. https://dx.doi.org/10.3390%2Fsports8030034
Biografía del autor/a
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9007613880782278
http://lattes.cnpq.br/2664719746591647
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4030637021059022
http://lattes.cnpq.br/1116481452645020
Derechos de autor 2022 Lecturas: Educación Física y Deportes
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObrasDerivadas 4.0.
