Biomechanical Differences of the Weightlifting Snatch Technique, Initiation and Development Categories

Abstract

In weightlifting, rapid and maximum strength predominates, activating numerous muscles when performing the technical gesture with speed. The snatch movement has five phases performed sequentially in an action, its improvement depends on ideal motor patterns, obtained from the best athlete’s analysis. In this sense, the research objective is to identify the biomechanical differences of the Snatch technique in Weightlifting of initiation and development categories. The research is descriptive-correlational, analyzing the ankle angles, knee and hip in four phases (Initial Position, First Pull, Second Pull and Entry); Velocity peaks in three phases (First Pull, Second Pull and Entry) are included; analyzing the gravity center in 4 phases (Initial Position, First Pull, Second Pull and Entry), and the snatch movement trajectory. There were average ranges that characterized the particularities in each independent group, showing significant differences in some indicators and not in others. The study made it possible to describe and compare the biomechanical variables in the snatch technique execution, serving as a methodological basis in the sports training process, since it is very difficult to change the technical gesture in very advanced stages.