Development of Postural Balance and Fall Prevention in Elderly: Intervention Strategies
Abstract
Postural balance is relevant for bodily stability, both at rest and during movement, and becomes more vulnerable with aging due to loss of muscle strength, flexibility, and vision problems, increasing the risk of severe falls in older adults. Effective fall prevention includes specific exercise programs aimed at improving balance to promote safety and quality of life. Objective: To investigate fall prevention strategies focused on enhancing postural balance in older adults. Methodology: This study is an integrative review, conducting searches in databases such as PubMed, Embase, and Lilacs from 2012 to 2024. Results: Out of 504 articles initially identified, 492 were analyzed after removing duplicates, resulting in a final selection of 40 articles that met eligibility criteria. It was concluded that several postural balance training programs were effective in reducing the risk of falls among older adults, including strategies such as perturbation training and the use of virtual reality games, which emerged as promising trends to improve stability and minimize the negative impacts of falls in this population.
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