Efecto del ejercicio físico en la capacidad cognitiva de escolares durante la educación obligatoria

Enrique Jiménez Vaquerizo

Enrique Jiménez Vaquerizo Universidad de Valladolid

Resumo

A atividade física realizada por meninos e meninas durante o período escolar (idades entre 6 e 16 anos) traz grandes benefícios que influenciam seu crescimento e desenvolvimento saudável do sistema cardiorrespiratório e musculoesquelético. Por sua vez, diferentes investigações estabeleceram uma relação entre atividade física e desenvolvimento cognitivo e desempenho acadêmico. O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar dados de evidências atuais. O objetivo deste documento é a descrição geral da evidência do efeito de intervenções de educação física na capacidade cognitiva e no desempenho acadêmico de crianças em idade escolar. Para isso, foi elaborada uma estratégia de busca, baseada na seleção de mecanismos de busca científica, na identificação das palavras-chave por meio de descritores Decs/Mesh e no estabelecimento de critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Os resultados forneceram um total de oito referências que foram analisadas e discutidas posteriormente. Após a análise dos resultados e o desenvolvimento da discussão, concluiu-se que uma relação entre Atividade Física (AF) e um aprimoramento acadêmico na área da matemática pode ser estabelecida, bem como mais horas de educação física aumentam a desempenho acadêmico, confirmando o efeito positivo sobre a atividade neuronal associada aos processos de atenção e memória.

Palavras-chave: Educação Física, Atividade física, Função cognitiva, Rendimento acadêmico, Neuroeducação, Meninos e Meninas, Adolescentes

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