Risk Factors, Causes and Effects in Low Back Pain in Swimmers. A Systematic Review
Abstract
Low back pain is a common problem among swimmers. The objective of the systematic review was to evaluate published studies, and to define the risk factors that may predispose a swimmer to suffer from low back pain. The PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Sciences and Cochrane Library databases were investigated, and the keywords Low Back Pain AND Swimmers were used. According to the criteria, 2122 articles were found after the final exclusions and the repeated articles, the articles were analyzed between the years 2010 to 2020. All individuals were considered, regardless of their age or sex. According to our review of the studies, we concluded that there are strong indicators that low back pain is associated with technical problems and the lack of muscle strengthening in the lower back. These results are a tool to guarantee and focus on the importance of an adequate swimming technique such as the application of muscle strengthening programs to swimmers by the technical teams. There are still some doubts about the benefits of swimming in the treatment of some diseases related to the spine, or even in the individual's own well-being.
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