Resistance Training, for a Short Period of Time, Increases Muscle Strength in the Elderly?
A Series of Cases
Abstract
The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of a four-week resistance training program on body composition and muscle strength gain in the elderly. This is a series of quasi-experimental, quantitative, longitudinal cases. Six elderly people enrolled in a gym in the city of Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil participated. To obtain identification data and the medical history of the participants, an anamnesis was performed. Anthropometric data were also obtained and the one repetition maximum test (1RM) was performed to assess maximum strength. After performing the physical assessment and strength test, the resistance training protocol began. The exercises were performed three times a week for 45 minutes for four weeks. At the end of the intervention period, the tests were reapplied. For the statistical analysis, a significance level of 5% was considered. Regarding the anthropometric parameters, there was no significant difference between the pre- and post-training periods regarding the percentage of fat mass, lean mass, total mass and body mass index (BMI). However, there was an increase in strength with the proposed program (14.00±1.07 kg vs 16.75±1.2 kg; p=0.0019) in the upper limbs (open row), as well as in the lower limbs (Legpress 180º) (16.25±1.66 kg vs. 18.75±1.79 kg; p=0.031). It is suggested that four weeks of resistance training are sufficient to increase maximal muscle strength in the elderly. However, this period proved to be insufficient to promote significant changes in their body composition.
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