Physical Conditioning, Nutritional Profile, Stress and Mood of College Athletes
A Systematic Review
Abstract
The study highlights the importance of actively promoting health and quality of life among university students, especially athletes. However, the changes that occur during this phase of life, such as full-time study, research, internships, and sports practice, result in modifications in factors such as physical activity, stress, sleep, and nutrition, revealing impacts on quality of life. Given this context, this systematic review aims to analyze the scientific literature on the factors influencing health-related quality of life among university students, focusing on the impacts of physical activity, stress, sleep, and nutrition. The comprehensive methodology includes database search, screening, and full reading. Over 40 articles were analyzed, highlighting the relevance of nutrition, stress, and sleep. The results emphasize the importance of these factors for well-being, regardless of academic and sports trajectories. The conclusions point to the need to balance attention between athletes and the entire academic community, aiming for improvements in quality of life.
References
Alsulami, S., Al Omar, Z., Binnwejim, MS, Alhamdan, F., Aldrees, A., Al-Bawardi, A., Alsohim, M., e Alhabeeb, M. (2018). Perception of academic stress among health science preparatory program students in two Saudi universities. Advances in medical education and practice, 12(9), 159-164. https://doi.org/10.2147/amep.s143151
Amaral, A.S., Silva, A., Costa, C.M.A., Narciso, F.V., e Mello, M.T.D. (2022). Influência da privação de sono no desempenho de atletas: uma revisão sistemática. Journal of Physical Education, 32, e3231. https://doi.org/10.4025/JPHYSEDUC.V32I1.3231
Blanco, C., Okuda, M., Wright, C., Hasin, DS, Grant, BF, Liu, SM, e Olfson, M. (2008). Mental health of college students and their non-college-attending peers: results from the national epidemiologic study on alcohol and related conditions. Archives of general psychiatry, 65(12), 1429-1437. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/article-abstract/482915
Brown, DJ, Fletcher, D., Henry, I., Borrie, A., Emmett, J., Buzza, A., e Wombwell, S. (2015). A British university case study of the transitional experiences of student-athletes. Psychology of sport and exercise, 21, 78-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2015.04.002
Burke, L.M., Jeukendrup, A.E., Jones, A.M., e Mooses, M. (2019). Contemporary Nutrition Strategies to Optimize Performance in Distance Runners and Race Walkers. International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism, 29(2), 117-129. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2019-0004
Caballero-García, A., e Córdova-Martínez, A. (2022). Muscle Recovery and Nutrition. Nutrients, 14(12), 2416. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14122416
Chang, C., Putukian, M., Aerni, G., Diamond, A., Hong, G., Ingram, Y., Reardon, CL, e Wolanin, A. (2020). Mental health issues and psychological factors in athletes: detection, management, effect on performance and prevention: American Medical Society for Sports Medicine Position Statement-Executive Summary. British journal of sports medicine, 54(4), 216-220. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2019-101583
Coriolano Junior, P.R., Martins, R.L.P., e Neves, A.N. (2020). Estados de humor, estresse e recuperação dos atletas de pentatlo militar pré e póscompetição classificatória para jogos mundiais militares. Revista Brasileira de Psicologia do Esporte, 10(4). https://doi.org/10.31501/rbpe.v10i4.11423
Desbrow, B., Slater, G., e Cox, G.R. (2020). Sports nutrition for the recreational athlete. Australian journal of general practice, 49(1-2), 17-22. https://doi.org/10.31128/AJGP-10-19-5108
Eichstadt, M., Luzier, J., Cho, D., e Weisenmuller, C. (2020). Eating Disorders in Male Athletes. Sports health, 12(4), 327-333. https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738120928991
Gaia, J.W.P., Caldas Honorato, R. de, Coelho, H.R., Lima, J.F., e Pires, D.A. (2023). Síndrome de Burnout em Atletas Universitários: Uma Revisão Narrativa. Corpoconsciência, e15063-e15063. https://doi.org/10.51283/rc.27.e15063
Ghozayel, M., Ghaddar, A., Farhat, G., Nasreddine, L., Kara, J., e Jomaa, L. (2020). Consumo e percepções de bebidas energéticas entre estudantes universitários em Beirute, Líbano: uma abordagem de métodos mistos. PLoS One, 15(4), e0232199. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0232199
Guedes, D.P., e Silva, A.L.D.S. (2021). Prevalência e correlatos do excesso de peso corporal em estudantes universitários. Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano, 23, e78433. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-0037.2021v23e78433
Holden, S.L., Forester, B.E., Williford, H.N., e Reilly, E. (2019). Locus de controle esportivo e estresse percebido entre estudantes universitários-atletas. Jornal Internacional de Pesquisa Ambiental e Saúde Pública, 16(16), 2823. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162823
Leduc, C., Tee, J., Weakley, J., Ramirez, C., e Jones, B. (2020). The Quality, Quantity, and Intraindividual Variability of Sleep among Students and Student-Athletes. Sports health, 12(1), 43-50. https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738119887966
Malsagova, KA, Kopylov, AT, Sinitsyna, AA, Stepanov, AA, Izotov, AA, Butkova, TV, Chingin, K., Klyuchnikov, MS, e Kaysheva, AL (2021). Sports Nutrition: Diets, Selection Factors, Recommendations. Nutrients, 13(11), 3771. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13113771
Milano, W., Milano, L., e Capasso, A. (2020). Eating Disorders in Athletes: From Risk Management to Therapy. Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets, 20(1), 2-14. https://doi.org/10.2174/1871530319666190418121446
Nascimento, O.V. do, e Alencar, F.H. (2007). Perfil do estado nutricional do atleta adulto. Fitness & Performance Journal, (4), 241-246. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=2944625
Nor Azizam, N.S., Yusof, S.N., Amon, J.J., Ahmad, A., Safii, N.S., e Jamil, N.A. (2022). Sports Nutrition and Food Knowledge among Malaysian University Athletes. Nutrients, 14(3), 572. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030572
Ridner, S.L., Newton, K.S., Staten, R.R., Crawford, T.N., e Hall, L.A. (2016). Predictors of well-being among college students. Journal of American college health: J of ACH, 64(2), 116-124. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2015.1085057
Santos, V.P.D. (2021). Dupla carreira esportiva: diagnóstico sobre barreiras e facilidades encontrados por estudantes-atletas do curso de educação física da Universidade de Brasília [Trabalhos de Conclusão de Curso, Graduação Educação Física. Universidade de Brasília]. https://bdm.unb.br/handle/10483/28689
Sawyer, SM, Afifi, RA, Bearinger, LH, Blakemore, SJ, Dick, B., Ezeh, AC, e Patton, GC (2012). Adolescence: a foundation for future health. The Lancet, 379(9826), 1630-1640. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60072-5
Scarpato, L.C., Amaro, A.S., e Fernandes, P.T. (2022). Resiliência e saúde mental em atletas de diferentes níveis. Revista Brasileira de Psicologia do Esporte, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.31501/rbpe.v12i3.13598
Schlarb, A.A., Claßen, M., Grünwald, J., e Vögele, C. (2017). Sleep disturbances and mental strain in university students: results from an online survey in Luxembourg and Germany. International journal of mental health systems, 11, 24. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13033-017-0131-9
Shannon, S., Prentice, G., e Breslin, G. (2021). Athletes' Psychological Needs and Coaches' Interpersonal Behaviors: A Within-Person Latent Profile Analysis. Journal of sport & exercise psychology, 43(1), 71-82. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2019-0295
Snedden, TR, Scerpella, J., Kliethermes, SA, Norman, RS, Blyholder, L., Sanfilippo, J., McGuine, TA, e Heiderscheit, B. (2019). Sport and Physical Activity Level Impacts Health-Related Quality of Life among Collegiate Students. American journal of health promotion - AJHP, 33(5), 675-682. https://doi.org/10.1177/0890117118817715
Spriet, L.L. (2019). Performance Nutrition for Athletes. Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 49(Suppl. 1), 1-2. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-018-1027-9
Sutcliffe, J.H., e Greenberger, P.A. (2020). Identifying Psychological Difficulties in College Athletes. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract, 8(7), 2216-2219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2020.03.006
Szmodis, M., Zsákai, A., Blaskó, G., Fehér, P., Annár, D., Sziráki, Z., Almási, G., e Kemper, H. C. (2022). Effects of regular sport activities on stress level in sporting and non-sporting university students. Physiology International, 109(2). https://doi.org/10.1556/2060.2022.00096
Turnagöl, H.H., Koşar, Ş.N., Güzel, Y., Aktitiz, S., e Atakan, M.M. (2021). Nutritional Considerations for Injury Prevention and Recovery in Combat Sports. Nutrients, 14(1), 53. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14010053
Venditti Júnior, R.V., Alves, R.D., Tertuliano, I.W., Oliveira Sousa, V. de, e Isler, G.L. (2019). Estresse e ansiedade em atletas universitários de handebol no Estado de São Paulo. Caderno de Educação Física e Esporte, 17(2), 83-92. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=7148936
Vitale, K., e Getzin, A. (2019). Nutrition and Supplement Update for the Endurance Athlete: Review and Recommendations. Nutrients, 11(6), 1289. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11061289
Walsh, N.P. (2019). Nutrition and Athlete Immune Health: New Perspectives on an Old Paradigm. Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 49(Suppl. 2), 153-168. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-019-01160-3
Werner, E.N., Guadagni, A.J., e Pivarnik, J.M. (2022). Assessment of nutrition knowledge in division I college athletes. Journal of American college health, 70(1), 248-255. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2020.1740234
Wu, CH, Nien, JT, Lin, CY, Nien, YH, Kuan, G., Wu, TY, Ren, FF, e Chang, YK (2021). Relationship between Mindfulness, Psychological Skills, and Mental Toughness in College Athletes. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(13), 6802. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136802
Author Biographies
http://lattes.cnpq.br/1778285366025510
http://lattes.cnpq.br/5896729409895003
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6424529275194361
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4083036755186189
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6935184693349451
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0581720487450852
Copyright (c) 2024 Lecturas: Educación Física y Deportes
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.