Correlação de escalas, testes funcionais e comorbidades com episódios de acidente vascular cerebral
Resumo
Introdução: Em pacientes com sequela de AVC, geralmente se avalia tônus e alterações posturais, porém deve-se ter em mente outras importantes informações como capacidade funcional, risco de quedas e marcha. Objetivo: Avaliar o nível de comprometimento, determinado pela escala de Brunnstrom, os resultados dos testes funcionais e analisar característica da amostra como sendo afetada por comorbidades, tempo e número de acidentes vasculares cerebrais ocorridos. Métodos: Avaliação transversal de 50 pacientes (conveniência) de um centro de reabilitação público, utilizando escala de Brunnstrom (1-6, melhor capacidade dos membros mais próximo ao 6), Time Up and Go (TUG) (déficit de mobilidade significativo e em risco de queda acima de 20 segundos), Upright Motor Control Test (UMCT) (1-3, abaixo de 3 conseguem marcha domiciliar), Step Test (ST) (disparidade entre membros), registro das comorbidades, bem como o tempo decorrido após o AVC e número de episódios. Resultados: Grau “4” de classificação para membros superiores e inferiores pelo score de Brunnstrom, realização acima de 20 segundos no TUG, nível 2 no UMCT e comprometimento da relação membro parético e não-parético no ST (p<0,01). Não houve influência do momento ou quantidade de AVCs sofridos. As principais comorbidades encontradas foram hipertensão arterial, diabetes e dislipidêmia. Conclusão: A escala de Brunnstrom apontou deficiência funcional moderada para membros superiores e inferiores. A associação com testes funcionais determinou indivíduos lentos e vulneráveis, com incapacidade de mudar o suporte de carga entre os membros, controle neuromuscular e déficit de equilíbrio, risco de queda e capacidade de caminhar comprometida.
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